Research Guides: Anti-Racism in Medicine, Nursing, &amp; Health Sciences: Clinical Topics

Racism in Clinical Care

Anti-Racism Resources for Social Workers and Therapists
From Social Work Career.
Treating Mental Health in the Black Community - Ask the Experts Webinar
Video. Learn how you can better serve Black clients from therapists and trainers Donna Oriowo, PhD, LICSW, Shawan Worsley, PhD, LMFT, LPCC, and Michael Jones, EdS, LPC-S. Hosted by Ben Caldwell, PsyD, LMFT and Education Director at SimplePractice Learning.
How Race, Ethnicity, Culture, and Identity Impact Treatment of Trauma
Webinar. Presents five expert trauma therapists about their experiences and reflective processes while working with children and families who have experienced developmental trauma and come from complex backgrounds in terms of race, ethnicity, culture, and identity. In addition, Dr. Rocio Chang moderates commentary with Dr. Maureen Allwood, Dr. Ernestine Briggs-King, and Dr. Russell Jones. They will talk about the importance of open conversations related to the roundtable topics as well as the impacts of recent events that have brought racism to the forefront.
Hey, White Therapist, Here's Where We Start
A Free 1 CE Credit Hour Podcast Continuing Education Course. This interview features Frank Baird, LMFT, LPCC, a white therapist; he is an expert on the topic of whiteness and racial awareness. Clearly Clinical's board encourages non-minority people to further this conversation amongst ourselves, and to drive change. This course was produced with the consultancy of compensated non-white clinicians.
To listen, click 'Enroll in this free CE course.'
How to Provide Anti-Racist Mental Health Care
Cénat, M. J. (2020). How to provide anti-racist mental health care. The Lancet 7(11), 929-931. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30309-6
More than Being Against It: Anti-Racism and Anti-Oppression in Mental Health Services
Corneau, S., & Stergiopoulos, V. (2012). More than being against it: anti-racism and anti-oppression in mental health services. Transcultural Psychiatry, 49(2), 261–282. https://doi.org/10.1177/1363461512441594

Examining the Impact of Structural Racism on Food Insecurity: Implications for Addressing Racial/Ethnic Disparities
Odoms-Young, A., & Bruce, M. A. (2018). Examining the Impact of Structural Racism on Food Insecurity: Implications for Addressing Racial/Ethnic Disparities. Family & Community Health, 41 Suppl 2 Suppl, Food Insecurity and Obesity(Suppl 2 FOOD INSECURITY AND OBESITY), S3–S6. https://doi-org.libraryproxy.quinnipiac.edu/10.1097/FCH.0000000000000183
Racial Disparities in Obesity Treatment
Byrd, A. S., Toth, A. T., & Stanford, F. C. (2018). Racial Disparities in Obesity Treatment. Current Obesity Reports, 7(2), 130–138. https://doi-org.libraryproxy.quinnipiac.edu/10.1007/s13679-018-0301-3
Race, ethnicity, and racism in the nutrition literature: an update for 2020
Duggan, C. P., Kurpad, A., Stanford, F. C., Sunguya, B., & Wells, J. C. (2020). Race, ethnicity, and racism in the nutrition literature: an update for 2020. The American journal of clinical nutrition, nqaa341. Advance Online Publication. https://doi-org.libraryproxy.quinnipiac.edu/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa341
Examining the Impact of Structural Racism on Food Insecurity: Implications for Addressing Racial/Ethnic Disparities.
Odoms-Young, A., & Bruce, M. A. (2018). Examining the Impact of Structural Racism on Food Insecurity: Implications for Addressing Racial/Ethnic Disparities. Family & Community Health, 41 Suppl 2 Suppl, Food Insecurity and Obesity(Suppl 2 FOOD INSECURITY AND OBESITY), S3–S6. https://doi-org.libraryproxy.quinnipiac.edu/10.1097/FCH.0000000000000183

Fearing the Black Body: The Racial Origins of Fat Phobia by Sabrina Strings
Publication Date: 2019

EBOOK - 1 simultaneous user

Education to Identify and Combat Racial Bias in Pain Treatment
AMA J Ethics. 2015;17(3):221-228. doi: 10.1001/journalofethics.2015.17.3.medu1-1503.
How we fail black patients in pain
From AAMC.
Racial disparities seen in how doctors treat pain, even among children: Doctor says physicians urgently need training to be more empathetic, particularly toward people of other races
Warraich, Haider J. The Washington Post (Online), Washington, D.C.: WP Company LLC d/b/a The Washington Post. Jul 10, 2020.
Racial bias in pain assessment and treatment recommendations, and false beliefs about biological differences between blacks and whites
Hoffman, K. M., Trawalter, S., Axt, J. R., & Oliver, M. N. (2016). Racial bias in pain assessment and treatment recommendations, and false beliefs about biological differences between blacks and whites. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 113(16), 4296–4301. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1516047113
Racial Disparities in Pain Management in Primary Care
Ezenwa, M. O., & Fleming, M. F. (2012). Racial Disparities in pain management in primary care. Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice, 5(3), 12–26.
Racial and ethnic disparities in the management of acute pain in US emergency departments: Meta-analysis and systematic review
Lee, P., Le Saux, M., Siegel, R., Goyal, M., Chen, C., Ma, Y., & Meltzer, A. C. (2019). Racial and ethnic disparities in the management of acute pain in US emergency departments: Meta-analysis and systematic review. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 37(9), 1770-1777. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2019.06.014
Racial Disparities in Pain Management of Children With Appendicitis in Emergency Departments
Goyal, M. K., Kuppermann, N., Cleary, S. D., Teach, S. J., & Chamberlain, J. M. (2015). Racial disparities in pain management of children with appendicitis in emergency departments. JAMA Pediatrics, 169(11), 996-1002. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.1915

Confronting race in diagnosis: Medical students call for reexamining how kidney function is estimated
From AAMC.
Diagnosing and Treating Systemic Racism
Evans, M. K., Rosenbaum, L., Malina, D., Morrissey, S., & Rubin, E. J. (2020). Diagnosing and Treating Systemic Racism. The New England Journal of Medicine, 383(3), 274–276. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMe2021693
Hidden in Plain Sight: Reconsidering the Use of Race Correction in Clinical Algorithms
Vyas, D. A., Eisenstein, L. G., & Jones, D. S. (2020). Hidden in plain sight: Reconsidering the use of race correction in clinical algorithms. The New England Journal of Medicine, 383(9), 874–882. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMms2004740
How dermatology is failing melanoma patients with skin of color
Nelson B. (2020). How dermatology is failing melanoma patients with skin of color: Unanswered questions on risk and eye-opening disparities in outcomes are weighing heavily on melanoma patients with darker skin. In this article, part 1 of a 2-part series, we explore the deadly consequences of racism and inequality in cancer care. Cancer cytopathology, 128(1), 7–8. https://doi-org.libraryproxy.quinnipiac.edu/10.1002/cncy.22229

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Black Mothers Keep Dying After Giving Birth. Shalon Irving's Story Explains Why
From NPR
Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Pregnancy-Related Deaths; United States, 2007–2016
Petersen, E.E., Davis, N.L, Goodman, D., Cox, S., Syverson, C., Seed, K., Shapiro-Mendoza, C., Callaghan, W. M., & Barfield, W. (2019). Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Pregnancy-Related Deaths; United States, 2007–2016. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 68(35), 762-765. http://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6835a3
Racial Disparities in Maternal and Infant Health: An Overview
From Kaiser Family Foundation
With Black Women At Highest Risk of Maternal Death, Some States Extending Medicaid
From NPR
Addressing Maternal Health Inequities
From AAMC.
Anti-Racism Toolkit -- Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
Provides access to resources to help adolescent health professionals combat racism, promote racial justice, reduce health disparities, and advance health equity for youth.
Contains some pay-to-use resources

Medical Bondage: Race, gender, and the origins of American gynecology by Deirdre Cooper Owens
Publication Date: 2017

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Hidden in Plain Sight - Reconsidering the Use of Race Correction in Clinical Algorithms
Vyas, D.A., Eisenstein, L.G., & Jones, D.S. (2020). Hidden in plain sight: Reconsidering the use of race correction in clinical algorithms. New England Journal of Medicine, 383(9), 874-882). http://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMms2004740
New creatinine- and cystatin C–based equations to estimate GFR without race
Inker, L.A., Eneanya, N. D., Coresh, J., Tighiouart, H., Wang, D., Sang, Y., Crews, D.C., Doria, A., Estrella, M. M., Froissart, M., Grams, M.E., Greene, T., Grubb, A., Gudnason, V., Gutiérrez, O.M., Kalil, R., Karger, A.B., Mauer, M., Navis, G., . . . Levey, A.S. (2021). New creatinine- and cystatin C–based equations to estimate GFR without race. New England Journal of Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2102953
How ‘race-norming’ was built into the NFL concussion settlement
From the Washington Post
Challenging the Use of Race in the Vaginal Birth after Cesarean Section Calculator
Vyas, D. A., Jones, D. S., Meadows, A. R., Diouf, K., Nour, N. M., & Schantz-Dunn, J. (2019). Challenging the use of race in the vaginal birth after cesarean section calculator. Women's Health Issues, 29(3), 201-204. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.whi.2019.04.007
Prediction of vaginal birth after cesarean delivery in term gestations: a calculator without race and ethnicity
Grobman, W. A., Sandoval, G., Rice, M. M., Bailit, J. L., Chauhan, S. P., Costantine, M. M., Gyamfi-Bannerman, C., Metz, T. D., Parry, S., Rouse, D. J., Saade, G. R., Simhan, H. N., Thorp, J. M., Tita, A. T. N., Longo, M., & Landon, M. B. (2021). Prediction of vaginal birth after cesarean delivery in term gestations: A calculator without race and ethnicity. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2021.05.021
Reconsidering the consequences of using race to estimate kidney function.
Eneanya, N. D., Yang, W., & Reese, P. P. (2019). Reconsidering the consequences of using race to estimate kidney function. JAMA : The Journal of the American Medical Association, 322(2), 113-114. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2019.5774
UW Medicine to exclude race from calculation of eGFR (measure of kidney function)
From the University of Washington Department of Medicine
Is a racially-biased algorithm delaying health care for one million Black people?
From Nature.
Black or 'Other'? Doctors may be relying on race to make decisions about your health
From CNN Health.
Many Medical Decision Tools Disadvantage Black Patients
From the New York Times.

Inclusive Language Guidelines
From the University of Texas at Austin’s Dell Medical School. Includes recommendations of alternative terms for commonly used words, phrases, rules and concepts.
Racist Like Me — A Call to Self-Reflection and Action for White Physicians
Cohan D. (2019). Racist like me - A call to self-reflection and action for white physicians. The New England Journal of Medicine, 380(9), 805–807. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1814269
When Race Matters on the Wards: Talking About Racial Health Disparities and Racism in the Clinical Setting
From MedEdPortal.
Clinical Problem Solving Podcast -- Anti-Racism in Medicine
Part of a larger podcast. This growing series about antiracism in medicine, written and hosted by physicians and medical students.
Academic Medicine Podcast - Episode: Novel Approaches to Addressing Gender Bias and Structural Racism in Medicine
Guests Pamela Chen, MD, Jyothi Marbin, MD, and Leanna Lewis, MSW, join hosts Toni Gallo and associate editor Monica Lypson, MD, MHPE, to discuss their novel approaches to addressing gender bias and structural racism in medicine, by painting honor wall portraits of women physicians and using travel to the American South to explore structural racism and health disparities, respectively. They also talk about the role of storytelling and getting proximate in overcoming bias.

How Do I Deal With a Racist Patient?
From AAFP.
“Are you a doctor?” The unchecked racism faced by physicians of color
From Vox.
The pandemic was already testing me. Then a man covered in Nazi tattoos showed up in my ER.
From the Washington Post.
Dealing with Racist Patients
Paul-Emile, K., Smith, A. K., Lo, B., & Fernández, A. (2016). Dealing with racist patients. The New England Journal of Medicine, 374(8), 708–711. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1514939
The Cure for the Racist Patient?
Kueakomoldej S. (2018). The cure for the racist patient?. The American Journal of Nursing, 118(11), 11. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NAJ.0000547644.23403.da
Using Forum Theater as a Teaching Tool to Combat Patient Bias Directed Toward Health Care Professionals
Rizk, N., Jones, S., Shaw, M. H., & Morgan, A. (2020). Using forum theater as a teaching tool to combat patient bias directed toward health care professionals. MedEdPORTAL: The Journal of Teaching and Learning Resources, 16, 11022. https://doi.org/10.15766/mep_2374-8265.11022
The patient called me ‘colored girl.’ The senior doctor training me said nothing
From STAT.
Twelve tips for responding to microaggressions and overt discrimination: When the patient offends the learner.
Wheeler, D. J., Zapata, J., Davis, D., & Chou, C. (2019). Twelve tips for responding to microaggressions and overt discrimination: When the patient offends the learner. Medical teacher, 41(10), 1112–1117. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2018.1506097